Armed Forces, Imperial Iranian Archives - Foundation for Iranian Studies

Yatsevitch, Colonel Gratian*

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:06:12 +0000

Educational background; beginnings of career at CIA; CIA’s objectives and operations in Iran in the 1950s; recollections of Allen Dulles; U.S. strategic interest in Iran in the 1950s; impressions of the Shah, and memories of their meetings; on the Shah’s goals and objectives; CIA’s views on the Shah; relations between the U.S. and Iran during the Eisenhower administration; recollections of the early years of SAVAK and General Teymur Bakhtiyar; recollections of Ambassadors Chapin, Wailes and Holmes, and their relations with the Shah; on social and economic change in Iran; debates between CIA analysts over political stability in Iran; U.S. contacts with and assessments of the opposition to the Shah in the 1950s and 1960s; on General Qarane’i’s alleged coup plans; extent of the loyalty of the armed forces to the Shah in the 1950s and 1960s; relations between the National Front and the Kennedy administration; on U.S. and the premiership of Ali Amini; working of oil consortiums in Iran; on the riots at Tehran University in 1961; recollections of Amir Asadollah Alam and Hasan Arsanjani; on the White Revolution of 1963; Johnson’s trip to Iran; Iran-Soviet relations; Israel’s relations with Iran; extent of cooperations between CIA and SAVAK; on U.S. listening posts in Iran; on events of 1963-64; economic development and corruption.

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Williamson, General Ellis*

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:06:12 +0000

Educational background and early career; recollections of tenure of office in Iran; on the structure and operations of the Iranian armed forces; nature and extent of Iran’s arms procurements from the U.S.; pattern and extent of growth of the Iranian armed forces; military planning in Iran; recollections of Iran’s various military commanders; U.S. foreign policy towards Iran; U.S. views on the sale of arms to Iran; on the Shah, his strategic views and policies; U.S. interests in arms sales to Iran; Iran’s role in U.S.’s geostrategic considerations; on the political situation in Iran in the early 1970s.

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Varahram, General Karim

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:06:12 +0000

Recollections of the formative years of the Iranian armed forces; recollections of Reza Shah, his leadership style, and his relations with the armed forces; fate of the Iranian army during the allied occupation of Iran; on the Azarbayjan crisis of 1945-46; recollections of service in Azarbayjan during the Soviet occupation and the formation of the Pishevari government; on the structure and mode of operation of the Iranian armed forces; recollection of the various leaders of the armed forces, and political leaders of Iran; on the relations between Iran and Iraq following Colonel Qasem’s military coup of 1958; impact of the events of 1963-64 in Fars; recollections of the Senate and assessment of its role in the politics of Iran in the 1970s; on the Shah and impressions of a meeting with him in 1978.

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Twitchell, General Hamilton A.*

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:06:12 +0000

Personal history; early career; first experiences with Iran in 1962; impressions of Iran; views on the Iranian people and their leaders; on the Shah; role of the U.S. Military Advisory Group in Iran; relations between Iran and the U.S. State and Defense Departments; relations between ARMISH-MAAG and the U.S. Embassy in Tehran; U.S.’s security concerns in the Persian Gulf area; Shah’s plans for the Iranian armed forces; relations between the Iranian armed forces and the Iranian society; changes in the Iranian society in the 1960s; impressions of the Iranian armed forces and its leaders; projects implemented by ARMISH-MAAG in the Iranian armed forces; on the sale of equipment and arms by the U.S. to Iran; training and maintenance concerns; on the opposition to the Pahlavi regime in Iran; personal impressions of contemporary Iranian politics.

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Tufaniyan, General Hasan

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:06:12 +0000

Recollections of childhood in Iran; on conditions in Iran during the early Pahlavi period; Iranian armed forces and the occupation of Iran during WWII; history of Imperial Iranian Air Force; reminiscences of the leading Iranian military leaders; on the Shah and his leadership style; structure and mode of organization of the Iranian armed forces; Iran’s military relations with Pakistan; recollections of Iran’s various arms procurement deals; military’s procedures for acquiring new arms and equipment; myth and reality of personal profit making in arms deals; Shah’s reaction to the revolutionary upheaval; on the attempts of military commanders to compel the Shah to decisive action against revolutionary forces; Shah’s indecision before the revolutionary onslaught; on the Iranian military’s arms production and its contribution to the development of an industrial complex.

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Shahriyari, General Khoda-Rahm

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:06:36 +0000

Family, education and military background; enrolling in the Officers Training College; communist cadets in the 1940s; experiences as OTC company commander during the events of 1953; on OTC’s organizational structure and curriculum; serving in Lorestan and Azarbayjan military outposts; as chief of G-3 of the Guards Infantry Division; the Guards’ organizational and functional command relations; on the military mission and deployment of the Guards Infantry Division; as commander of the “Naderi” Infantry Brigade; as acting commandant of OTC; changes in OTC organization and curriculum since the 1940s; as commanding general of the Kurdestan Infantry Division during the Revolution of 1978-79; on the mission and deployment of the Kurdestan Infantry Division; on the personnel morale and the expectations of the military during the Revolution; on the Iraqi armed forces and their military capabilities; recollections of Kurdestan on the day the regime collapsed; on the need for military action months before the Shah’s departure; on various high-ranking military commanders–Generals Hejazi, Azhari, Azimi, Qarabaghi and others; on the attitude of Sunni Kurds towards the Revolution; on the trip from Kurdestan to Tehran the day after the Revolution; on the experience of being arrested and released.

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Qasemi, Mehdi Baradaran

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:07:02 +0000

Family background and early political socialization; joining the Tudeh Party; Party’s structure and method of recruitment; relations between the Tudeh Party and the government between 1941 and 1945; Tudeh Party’s appeal to the youth; internal ideological divisions within the Tudeh Party; intellectual and political climate within the Tudeh Party; role of the intellectuals in the Party; Tudeh Party and the Azarbayjan Crisis of 1945-46; on Khalil Maleki and the balance-sheet of his activities; relations between Tudeh Party and the National Front; on the Tudeh Party cells within the military; on Nureddin Kiyanuri and his leadership of the Party; on Mozaffar Firuz and Ahmad Qavam; government reaction to Tudeh Party’s activities; recollections of imprisonment as a Tudeh activist; on the mode of operation of the Tudeh Party; on the deaths of Lankarani and Ghaffari; on Fereydun Keshavarz’s recent polemic against the Tudeh Party; reasons for leaving the Party; on the government’s decision to coopt former Tudeh activists; recollections of employment at the Ministry of Information and Tourism, and Radio Iran; recollections of Nosratollah Mo`iniyan and General Hasan Pakravan; reminiscences of participation in drawing up the constitution of the Rastakhiz Party; on the causes of the Revolution of 1978-79.

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Pejman, Colonel Issa

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:07:02 +0000

Intelligence activities against Tudeh Party cells in the military; recollections of General Razmara’s premiership; on the events of 1953; structure and operations of SAVAK’s Kurdish Affairs Bureau; recollections of Mulla Mustafa Barzani; on the plan for joint Iranian, American and Israeli assistance to the Iraqi Kurds; on the contacts between Iranian and Iraqi Kurds; recollections of General Teymur Bakhtiyar and his activities in Iraq; impact of the military coup of 1958 in Iraq on Iran-Iraq relations; rapport between Iran and Iraq during the Qasem and Aref regimes; recollections of Aref’s trip to Iran; memory of a meeting with Saddam Hossein; on the Algiers Accord of 1975.

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Parsons, Sir Anthony

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:07:02 +0000

Early contacts with Iran; on the events of 1953 and the formation of the Baghdad Pact; on the Shah’s role in resolving the Bahrain issue; Britain’s economic interests in Iran in the 1970s; on Britain’s departure from the Persian Gulf in 1971; Britain’s commercial, industrial and military relations with Iran; recollections of Prime Minister Hoveyda; personal impressions of the Shah and his leadership style; Shah’s view of British policy on Iran; on Iranians’ distrust of the British; recollections of the politicization of university campuses in Iran; on charges of Britain’s complicity in the Iranian Revolution; on Iranian politics in the late 1970s; on various Iranian public figures; on the roots of the Revolution; impressions of Westernization of Iran and its political consequences; assessment of industrial development in Iran; recollections of Iranian politics during the revolutionary upheaval; Shah’s consultations with the interviewee and Ambassador Sullivan; Britain’s position on the Shah’s decision to leave Iran; on the B.B.C.’s alleged role in inciting opposition to the Shah; on Queen Farah.

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Nevisi, Colonel Yazdan

zah7d — Wed, 01 Dec 2021 00:07:02 +0000

Personal background; joining the military; structure and functions of the Imperial Guards; duties and working of the Immortal Guard; reminiscences of the imperial court and its working; impressions of the personal traits of the Shah; recollections of the personal qualities of Queen Farah; on the Queen’s duties and travels; preparations for the Shah’s final departure from Iran; on the Shah’s reaction to street demonstrations; recollections of the royal family’s stay in exile in the first months following the Revolution; attitudes of President Sadat of Egypt and King Hasan of Morocco toward the Shah; Shah’s relations with Prime Minister Bakhtiyar while in exile; Shah’s physical condition and psychological perseverance in exile; attempt on the Shah’s life; Shah’s opinion of various Iranian political leaders and government officials.

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